The Programme of Union State of Russia and Belarus «Innovational development of manufacture of a potato and a topinambur» of 2013–2016 years is a perspective direction in effective development of an agriculture, as it is system covers the decision a line of problems, including the food-processing industry and a healthy feed, an industry, a bioenergetics and non-polluting forages.
For development of a potato growing and manufacture of a topinambur, achievement of the following purposes is necessary:
– increase of efficiency and competitiveness of a potato growing, maintenance of Russia and Belarus in a high quality potato for the food purposes, for creation of seeds and for industrial processing in products of a healthy feed and forages, increase in export deliveries, maintenance of food safety – manufacture of a domestic potato not less than 95% from the common requirement.
– to develop technology of industrial production and processing of a topinambur, to generate the market of manufacture of products of a healthy feed from a topinambur.
Realization of the Programme will promote improvement of quality of life of the population and growth of labour productivity in the branches of economy of Russia and Belarus engaged in manufacture and processing of a potato and a topinambur.

On the basis of field trials showed that the treatment plants 1% emulsion in water of mineral and vegetable oils did not cause symptoms of phitotoxisity on the potato plants and yield was not reduced. Treatment of potato every 7-10 days, starting from the period of germination allowed to minimize the level of infectivity load and limit the number of new PVY infections in virus-free potato plants.

The results of studies on the use of different doses of nitrogen fertilizers, micronutrients and growth regulator Ekolist "ECOS" in soil and weather conditions of Vitebsk region on yield and quality of potato tubers .

The analysis of potato market of the Carpathian region at the modern stage. The basic problem are set, the negative trends. The improvement of infrastructure of the market made by the organization of wholesale food markets, as well as the organization of the cooperatives of producers and business structures of various forms of ownership in production, harvesting processing and sale of potatoes, and the main thing planned inter-region redistribution of products of industry of potato cultivation.

The paper presents the results of studies that indicate the problem harvesting of potatoes as a prerequisite for its pest status in storage. Determined predisposition in the south-western region of Belarus of potato varieties of different maturity groups to mechanical damage and disease tubers. Presented differentiation stability tuber disease during storage, depending on the method of mechanical harvesting.

On the basis of researches, conducted in the conditions of the field stationary experience, influence of the traditional and alternative systems of fertilizer is set on the harvest of potato, his quality. Affecting of organic, mineral, organic-mineral backgrounds is rotined nourishing mode of soil dynamics of changes of labil forms of humus.

The article presents data on the use nitrogen and oksigen fertilizer for potato cultivation on sandy podzolic soils of Central Nonchernozem Region. The high efficiency fertilizer in increasing productivity and reducing potato diseases is show.

The article presents data the comparative evaluation of formation microtubers in vitro on a medium without growth regulators and with the use of the active substance of the new generation SkQ1 (Skulachevs ions).

This article shows the influence of the cultivar, the reproduction of the composition, the method of cultivirlion the soil, the predecessor, of the elements of nutrition and means of protection of plants of the productivity of potatoes the nurseries of the original seed growing.

The most complete realization of the genetic potential of potato sorts is only possible with the production of the seed material of high quality. The important role in the increasing of yields and consumer's qualities of potatoes is in creating the sorts adapted to local conditions. As a result of a long standing research of the Institute a special technology was elaborated. It is the technology of the improvement and reproduction of the improved given material of high economic quality with the use of the complex of field and laboratory methods, the technology that include several stages. And as a result, the Bank of the Improved Sorts of Potatoes (BISP) was established.

Accelerating the development of mini-tubers by treatment with growth regulators provides early formation of assimilation surface, increasing productivity and improving quality.

On dernovo-podsolic to soil entering into prelanding cultivation Р₆₀К₉₀ against application under background of fertilization by 60 t/hectares of straw cattle manure and processing of plants by growth regulators has provided productivity of tubers of a potato of 240–252 ts/hectares. The increase of productivity from growth regulators has made 16 – 28 ts/hectares. The maintenance of nitrates has not exceeded maximum concentration limit.

The combination of a complex of meliorative and agrotechnical receptions at cultivation of potatoes recommended by results of researches allows to raise the level of crop yield in 1,5 … 2,0 times at the expense of optimization of water and nutritious modes of the soil, a choice of grades, density of plants, terms of cutting of ridges and other agrotechnical receptions.

In article are brought constructive scheme supporting and soil clumps crashing assemble device and principle its work, as well as installation on potato digger KTN-2B and results of the test.

The method of preserving microcuttings in the form of biocapsules is efficient for maintaining the active collection of in vitro material. The method preserves bioencapsulated material in a healthy state for 1 to 2 years for its further clonal micropropagation. The application of this method to store microcuttings of the “Zhukovsky early” variety during one year preserved 98% of biocapsules.

Possibility of usage of two DNA markers systems – RAPD and ISSR-PCR in uncovering of molecular-genetic polymorphism of resurrected lines of potato of Mandrivnitca and Svitanok kyivsky have been studied.

The article presents the results of studies on the timing of storage of frozen potato juice containing viral infection (PVX, PVY, PVS, PVM), which may make the reliable determination fitoinfection by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). It is shown the possibility of reliable determination of the presence of viral infections of different kinds and after long-term storage of frozen juice.

The topics of optimization of aeroponics potato plants growing concerning control of cornesponding to plant reguirement nutrient solid are discussed in the article. Different variants of MS media with modified basal salt macronutrient can be used for aeroponics potato mini tuber production.

Comparative estimations of application of microbiological fertilizers, regulators of growth, their influence on productivity, and also efficiency проращивания and shelters of plantings spanbond are given. Sprouting a landing material and shelter of plantings of a potato spanbond allow to receive shoots for 5-18 days earlier, and the first crop of an early potato for 5-19 days earlier and to raise productivity on 1,7-2,9 t/ha, with an exit of commodity tubers to 51-81%.

The article presents the results of studying the ecologicаl technology of cultivation of a potato in comparison with intensive, traditional way on sodpodzolic medium loam and soddy-podzolic sandy loam soils in conditions of Minsk region. Data of productivity of varieties of a potato, biochemical indicators, lesion tubers by the basic diseases and economic efficiency are cited at two ways of cultivation.

Data of the studies on the impact of granular (ammonium nitrate, superphosphate, potassium chloride) and liquid fertilizers (Lyderis 9:9:9, KAS 32) on the yield and quality of potato tubers and leaching of nutrients (N, K, Ca) in the sandy sod-podzolic soil is presented. It has been determined that studied forms of fertilizers equally effectively increased the yield of tubers (+66.8-84.2 %); compared with other fertilizers, Lyderis 9:9:9 increased starch accumulation in tubers. Granular PK fertilizers intensified migration of K and Ca; a loss of nitrogen was larger at application of KAS 32 fertilizer together with PK granular fertilizers.

The scientific results confirming positive influence of a combination of bacterial preparations with lowered doses of mineral fertilizers on biological activity, agrochemical indicators of soil, efficiency and quality of a potato, decrease illnesses of potato in the conditions of sod-podzol sandy soil of the Central Non-Black Earth Region (2009-2011), and influence of the same factors against green manures in conditions chernozem of Central Black Earth region (2010-2012) Russia are received.

Spray dressing of a potato macro-and microcells of structures Polycompotato in tank mixes with the Polybor and a carbamide (1 kg/ha) at cultivation of variety of a potato makes positive impact on growth and development of plants: increase in root system at 1,1-18,2%, and a gain of a biomass of a tops of vegetable from 4,0% to 34,9%; productivity of variety Uladar - 43,0t/ha, 45,6, 47,7 and 55,4/ha, Krinitsa - 34,9 t/ha, 35,3, 37,9 and 45,8 t/ha, Zdabytak (Magnat in EU) - 28,6 t/ha, 30,0, 31,2 and 36,8 t/ha, and efficiency growth has made, accordingly, 2,2-8,0 t/ha (5,4-16,9%), 1,3-5,6 t/ha (3,9-13,9%) and 1,7- 7,8 t/ha (6,3-26,9%).

The results of evaluation of potato varieties of Ukrainian origin included in the Register of Varieties for adaptive ability based on the average yield criterion during growing under irrigation by four years scheme in southern part of Ukrainian Steppe are given. The potato varieties are characterized by their specific and average yield and by level of potential yield in favorable and unfavorable conditions of environment. The group of most promising potato varieties for two years growing with irrigation scheme appliance in southern part of Ukrainian Steppe is chosen by the highest average adaptability ratio. They are first of all such early potato varieties as Tiras, Skarbnitza, Karlik 04 and medium early varieties Svitanok Kievskiy, Levada, Vodogray. The importance of the use of potato varieties with both high productivity and high adaptability for soil, meteorological and phytosanitary conditions of Ukrainian Steppe as main factor of innovative development of seed potato growing is demonstrated.

The results of studies of potato varieties on complex of agronomic traits and disease resistance in the foothills of the Republic of Adygea are presented. As result of investigations singled out Russian and foreign varieties showing the highest adaptive capacity and ecological plasticity wererecommended for growing in the conditions in the Republic of Adygea and use as initial for breeding.

Recently pigmented tuber flesh in potato attracts much attention of scientists and consumers due to their bioactive substances as well as an unusual and attractive appearance and taste. Therefore, the products made from potato tubers with blue flesh can be a great alternative to traditional foods.
‘Blue Congo’ and ‘Vitelotte’ potato cultivars with blue tuber flesh were investigated. By applying standard methods potato tuber chemical composition was investigated, boiled tuber culinary properties were evaluated. Research results showed that ‘Vitelotte’ potato tubers are substantially richer in amount of anthocyanins, dry matter, crude ash and potassium, and there is less nitrates accumulated than in ‘Blue Congo’ tubers. Boiled ‘Blue Congo’ tubers were moderately soft, of a rough structure, bright flavour, mealier and drier, while the ‘Vitelotte’ are of the average hardness, of the softer structure, with sufficiently brighter flavour, slightly mealier and more humid.

Research on the influence of different temperatures and exposition time on potato tuber sprouting was carried out at the Laboratory of Food Raw Materials, Agronomic and Zootechnical Research, Faculty of Agronomy, Lithuanian University of Agriculture, in the year 2009.
Chemical analyses of potato tubers were carried out at the Laboratory of Chemical Research, Institute of Agriculture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry.
Different temperatures -10°C - +50°C influenced the tubers sprouting. The highest number of sprouts, compared to the primary number of eyes, was established in the tubers of potato cv. ‘Goda’ exposed to -10°C for 60 min. (192.6%) and to +50°C for 90 min. (194.7%); and in the tubers of potato cv. ‘Solara’ exposed to -10°C for 60 min (126.1%) and to +30°C for 60 min (167.8%).

Application of microbial plant protection products and bacterial fertilizers Planriz, Fitotsid, Diazofit and Fosfoenterin has reduced damage of pathogens in 1,6-2,9 times at processing tubers before planting, plants during budding and flowering, before laying on storage. Among the total number of diseases share a wet bacterial rot was 10,2-30,0%, Phoma spp. rot -6,7-16,3%, Fusarium dry rot - 62,5-79,5%. The development of Fusarium spp. at the end of storage in tubers planted in mid-May increased by 1.3-1.8 times compared with planting in late April. Combined application of Planriz and Ridomil Gold has reduced of diseases in 1.4-1.7 times compared with a single fungicide.

One of the most important processes in the manufacture of potato-based concentrate (semi-finished beverage) is a process of saccharification. Pretreatment of potato has a significant impact on the process of saccharification. The article presents the results of studies on the effect of grinding ratio of potato and pre-heat treatment on the duration and depth of the saccharification of potato starch.
It was found that the process of saccharification of water-potato mixture obtained from crushed raw potato is durable. The presence of starch in waterpotato mixture was found even after5 hours of treatment by amylolytic enzymes. It is supposed to be released from the cells destroyed by prolonged exposure
temperature.
It was found that the process of saccharification of water-potato mixture obtained from crushed blanched potato is about 60-75 minutes.
It was demonstrated that an increase in the grinding ratio of potato helps to reduce the duration of saccharification process.

The morphological structure the natural starch received of 3 grades and 9 hybrids of a potato is investigated.

The phase structure the natural starch received of 3 grades and 9 hybrids of a potato is investigated. It is established, that on increase of degree of amorphy all studied samples the natural potato starch it is possible to build in the following number: a hybrid 1600-12 – 51,4%, a hybrid 1603-15 – 54,4%, a hybrid 1600-4 – 56,5%, a hybrid 1608-5 – 56,6%, (a grade «Miracle» («Диво») and a hybrid 1608-10 – 57,1%), a grade «Bulletin» («Вестник») – 57,6%, a hybrid 1600-7 – 57,7%, a grade «Effect» («Эффект») – 57,8%, a hybrid 1513- 4 – 58,0%, a hybrid 1598-14 – 58,7%, a hybrid 1607-3 – 58,9%.